Suggested Citation: Jung, B.C. (2020-2023). COVID-19 Background Internet Resources.
https://www.bettycjung.net/COVID-19-Background.htm
Mission: To provide a one-stop Web resource page with factual information about the COVID-19 Pandemic
According to PEW , social media users share COVID-19 information mostly from news sources (74%) and very little from health and science resources (1%). This could mean that people do not know where to look for credible science-based information about COVID-19.
On June 18, 2020, JAMA reported "Coronavirus disease 2019-related knowledge and behaviors were associated with race/ethnicity, sex, and age. African American participants, men, and people younger than 55 years were less likely to know how the disease is spread, were less likely to know the symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019, and left the home more often."
Furthermore, the prevalence of Coronavirus myths addressed by the World Health Organization indicates that there is much disinformation and misinformation on the Internet about the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Therefore, I have decided to create this resource page for those interested in learning more about the pandemic. It is my hope, as Master Certified Health Education Specialist (MCHES®), that you will be able get the credible information you need here to make the decisions you have to make to deal with the pandemic in your life. I am dedicated to keeping this page updated with vetted sources, and welcome your feedback. (July 6, 2020)
Table of Content (Major sections)
COVID-19 Pandemic
CDC has three numbers you should consider to know if you've been exposed to the coronavirus: If you've been within six feet of an infected person for at least 15 minutes starting from 48 hours before the infected person began feeling sick, you are considered to have been in close contact with the virus.
VIDEO
A build-up of 21st century forces resulting in illness
Graphic source: https://www.bmj.com/content/373/bmj.n657
Americans Reflect on Nation’s COVID-19 Response
Fewer than half say the country has given the right amount of priority to the needs of K-12 students, public health, quality of life 7/2022 A Timeline of COVID-19 Developments in 2020 1/2021 First Case of COVID-19 in NYC, First Death Reported in Washington State March 1, 2020 Five ways to prepare for the next pandemic. COVID-19 and other infectious-disease outbreaks can teach us how to respond to future threats. 10/2022 A tale of 2020 in 20 McKinsey charts 12/2020 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) CDC.gov Coronavirus - seven steps to prevent the spread of the virus via @YouTube COVID-19 Conversations Covid-19: a disaster five years in the making BMJ.com 4/2021 5 reasons the pandemic is so very far from over. 6/2020. No matter what else happens, the coronavirus isn't going away. 5 Things Everyone Should Know About the 2019 Novel Coronavirus 1/2020 Yalemedicine.org 11 questions about the coronavirus we still can't answer. 5/2020. Here's what we don't know about the coronavirus and why it really matters. A Timeline of the Coronavirus Pandemic Continuous. NY Times. A Viral Epidemic Splintering Into Deadly Pieces 7/2020 Conservative blocs unleash wave of litigation to curb public health powers 7/2022 Coronavirus, explained: Everything to know about COVID-19, the deadly virus alarming the world 3/2020 USAToday Coronavirus outbreak: Live updates Continuous Essential Vocab For COVID-19: From Asymptomatic To Zoonotic 6/2020 NPR Facts about novel coronavirus and how to prevent COVID-19 Seattle Times How did we get here Retrospective from ABC news video Must-Know Vocab For COVID-19: From Droplets To Zoonotic 1/2020 NPR.org Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) WHO.int Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) @WHO via @YouTube Our New COVID-19 Vocabulary: What Does It All Mean? Yale Medicine
Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) A Review 7/2020 A pandemic year. Sorrow and stamina, defiance and despair. It’s been a year. 3/2021 Six lessons the UK should have learned, one year on from its first lockdown 3/2021 The Coronavirus Explained & What You Should Do via @YouTube The Coronavirus in America: The Year Ahead 4/2020 NY Times The novel Chinese coronavirus, everything you need to know 1/2020 ZME Science The Vox guide to navigating the coronavirus crisis What you should know about COVID-19 to protect yourself and others CDC.gov When will it be over? 3 key numbers scientists are watching to track the pandemic
There won't be an on/off switch for the pandemic, but epidemiologists are watching certain metrics for signs of improvement. 3/2021 Why Pandemics Give Birth To Hate: From Bubonic Plague To COVID-19 3/2021
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Public Health Technical Reports
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Visualization Sites
United States
Graphic source: https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/brief/covid-19-is-the-number-one-cause-of-death-in-the-u-s-in-early-2021/
Video source: NBC News
Healthcare & Hospitalization
Vaccinations
Connecticut
Other COVID-19 Trackers
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COVID-19 Research Information
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COVID-19 Databases, Registries, Repositories Back to Table of Contents
CDC & Other Federal Agency Guidance
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Public Health Issues
Graphic source; NY Times
Graphic source; https://www.vox.com/2020/5/28/21270515/coronavirus-covid-reopen-economy-social-distancing-states-map-data
Graphic source; https://www.vox.com/2020/5/28/21270515/coronavirus-covid-reopen-economy-social-distancing-states-map-data
America’s Covid-19 death toll has surpassed 400,000
The coronavirus has officially killed more Americans than World War II. 1/2021 America's uniquely bad Covid-19 epidemic, explained in 18 maps and charts. The US's coronavirus epidemic is among the worst. Here's what you need to know. 8/2020 CDC Document Shows Just How Badly the U.S. Is Handling Coronavirus Compared to Other Countries 6/2020 Cognitive Bias and Public Health Policy During the COVID-19 Pandemic 6/2020 COVID-19 in the U.S., One Year Later - Patient's treatment similar to care for moderate, hospitalized illness today 1/2021 COVID-19 Screenings at U.S. Airports Remain Inconsistent. Experts say the lack of effective virus screenings or contact tracing plays a role in the spread of COVID-19 in the country. 8/2020 Don’t blame the weather for fall COVID-19 spikes 11/2020 Expert report predicts up to two more years of pandemic misery 5/2020 Gaps in early surveillance of coronavirus led to record-breaking US trajectory 8/2020 How does the coronavirus outbreak end? 3/2020 Government's failure to contain the coronavirus means it may be here to stay. Inconsistencies in data presentation could harm efforts against COVID-19
New research shows broad array of different content, formats in data available on national public health institutes' websites 8/2020 Inside the Fall of the CDC 10/2020 One Year, 400,000 Coronavirus Deaths: How the U.S. Guaranteed Its Own Failure
After the White House declined to pursue a unified national strategy, governors faced off against lobbyists, health experts and a restless public consumed by misinformation. 1/2021 Order to Reclassify Civil Service Posts Will Compromise Responses to Public Health Threats 10/2020 Shut down the country and start over to contain Covid-19, US medical experts urge political leaders 7/2020 'So frustrating': Grave missteps seen in US virus response 10/2020 The inside story of how Trump’s COVID-19 coordinator undermined the world’s top health agency 101/2020 The Long Darkness Before Dawn
With vaccines and a new administration, the pandemic will be tamed. But experts say the coming months are going to be just horrible. 12/2020 The Pandemic Could Get Much, Much Worse. We Must Act Now. A comprehensive shutdown may be required in much of the country. 7/2020 Just 4 states meet these basic criteria to reopen and stay safe 7/2020 The 3 charts that disprove Donald Trump’s convention speech. Trump wants to take credit for something he didn’t do, and dodge blame for something he did do. 8/2020 The Unique U.S. Failure to Control the Virus 8/2020 The US is diving into a dark Covid hole -- and there's no plan to get out 7/2020 This Is What Fueled California's Deadly COVID Outbreak, New Study Says
MANY CORONAVIRUS DEATHS COULD HAVE BEEN AVOIDED IF THE STATE HAD BEEN BETTER PREPARED. 8/2020
Trump lied about science 9/2020 Sciencemag.org We don't have a president, or a plan. 5/2020. 60 days into the coronavirus crisis, the White House does not have a plan, a framework, a philosophy, or a goal. What happens next in the coronavirus outbreak? 2/2020. We mapped 8 scenarios. Four ways it could devolve into a dangerous pandemic, and four ways it could steadily improve. Why the U.S. Is Losing the War on COVID-19 8/2020
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Health Services Issues
Graphic source: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6925e2.htm
Graphic source: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6923e1.htm
Graphic source: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2015630
Afraid to Be a Nurse: Health Workers Under Attack 4/2020 Stigmatized as vectors of contagion in some countries, health care workers have been assaulted, abused and ostracized. Coronavirus exposes major flaws in health care system, experts say. Doctors and health care experts said the coronavirus pandemic shows the need to shift how we think about health care. 4/2020 COVID-19 in the United States: Insights from Healthcare Systems CDC.gov Critical Care Utilization for the COVID-19 Outbreak in Lombardy, Italy. Early Experience and Forecast During an Emergency Response 3/2020 JAMA Decline in Child Vaccination Coverage During the COVID-19 Pandemic Michigan Care Improvement Registry, May 2016-May 2020 5/2020 Emergency Responders: Tips for taking care of yourself CDC.gov Ethics of reallocating ventilators in the covid-19 pandemic Exposed, Silenced and Attacked, Failures to Protect health and Essential Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic 7/2020 Families of Health Workers Killed by COVID Fight for Denied Workers’ Comp Benefits Fear of Covid Leads Other Patients to Decline Critical Treatment Psychologists say anxiety and uncertainty prompt irrational decisions — like turning down a transplant when an organ becomes available. 5/2020 Hospital Experiences Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a National Pulse Survey March 23-27, 2020 HHS.gov Ignoring cancer care now may trade one public health crisis Covid-19 for another, NCI chief warns 6/2020 Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits; United States, January 1, 2019-May 30, 2020 MMWR 6/2020 Joint Statement: Roadmap for Resuming Elective Surgery after COVID-19 Pandemic Near 90% Mortality Rate in Intubated COVID-19 Patients in NYC - Comorbidities appeared to play a major role 4/2020 $1M COVID Bill; Did Florida Ignore Troubling Data? New York's Pandemic Missteps. This past week in healthcare investigations 6/2020 Potential Indirect Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Use of Emergency Departments for Acute Life-Threatening Conditions; United States, January-May 2020 6/2020 Survey of Insomnia and Related Social Psychological Factors Among Medical Staff Involved in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak 4/2020 "This Is Our Chernobyl": New York City's Doctors and Nurses Are Terrified 3/2020 What happens when the ICU is full? 7/2020 Why some nurses have quit during the coronavirus pandemic
"Right now, nurses don't feel like heroes. We feel expendable." 5/2020
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Background and Related Resources
General Background Information
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China - Initial COVID-19 Epicenter
Graphic source: https://www.propublica.org/article/i-saw-firsthand-what-it-takes-to-keep-covid-out-of-hong-kong-it-felt-like-a-different-planet
Graphic source:
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2762130
Graphic source:
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2762130
Graphic source; https://www.bbc.com/news/world-51235105#
Graphic source: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-51202000#
Graphic source: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/06/whistleblower-chinese-doctor-dies-from-coronavirus
Graphic source: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/02/life-inside-wuhan-coronavirus-quarantine/
Graphic source: https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/new-coronavirus-outbreak-declared-global-public-health-emergency-who-says-n1126836
Graphic source:
https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/.../opsd.../index.html...
Graphic source: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/330762/nCoVsitrep23Jan2020-eng.pdf
Graphic source: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330762
March 2022
December 2019
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Coronaviruses
Graphic source: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-convened-global-study-of-origins-of-sars-cov-2-china-part-annexes.pdf
VIDEO
Graphic source: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2000929
Graphic source: https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/01/22/798277557/how-does-wuhan-coronavirus-compare-to-mers-sars-and-the-common-cold
Graphic source: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/01/21/china-coronavirus-outbreak-cdc-first-us-case-washington-state/4532063002/
COVID-19 Pandemic
March 11, 2022 - March 11, 2020 WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic
Graphic source: https://twitter.com/bettycjung/status/1502302341592145927; https://twitter.com/bettycjung/status/1502300786319110151; https://twitter.com/bettycjung/status/1502298512796659712
VIDEO
Graphic source: https://www.mdedge.com/internalmedicine/article/218827/coronavirus-updates/who-declares-covid-19-outbreak-pandemic
Graphic source: https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/covid-timeline
WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic
March 11, 2020: The Day Everything Changed
March 10, 2022 - On the Eve of the COVID-19 Pandemic, the World Had No Idea What Was Coming...
Graphic source: https://www.newsweek.com/coronavirus-update-new-cases-global-pandemic-real-who-europe-union-britain-1491426
Graphic source: https://twitter.com/bettycjung/status/1223067394748375040
WHO Declares Coronavirus Outbreak A Global Health Emergency 1/30/2020
Graphic source: https://twitter.com/bettycjung/status/1221806792969216002
WHO declares COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic 3/11/2020
In 2020, Chinese New Year was January 25, 2020. Before WHO declared COVID-19 at pandemic on March 11, 2020, I knew that was was brewing in Wuhan, China in early January would be bad because of Chunyun. I had a bad feeling that this massive migration of Chinese workers returning to their homes for New Year's was going to spread whatever pathogen was infecting people in Wuhan. I really wanted @WHO to institute travel restrictions in mid-January, ahead of the Chunyun, but it didn't declare the pandemic till mid-March, 2 months later.
Chunyun: Chinese New Year Travel Rush
"The Chinese New Year Travel Rush, known as 'Chunyun' (春运 spring movement), usually begins 15 days ahead of Lunar New Year's Day and lasts for about 40 days (usually from mid-January to late February).
Chinese New Year Travel Rush Many railway stations get packed at CNY.
China's biggest and longest national holiday is the Spring Festival or Chinese New Year (CNY), and it causes the biggest and longest annual period of transport stress anywhere in the world."
Graphic source: https://twitter.com/bettycjung/status/1316515159209390085
Does lock-down of Wuhan effectively restrict early geographic spread of novel coronavirus epidemic during chunyun in China? A spatial model study 4/2021
Published 6 months after my 10/2020 tweet, the research paper showed that Chunyun contributed to the spread of COVID-19. Had travel restrictions was put in place BEFORE Chunyun, the whole pandemic may have taken a different trajectory.
Prior to Wuhan lock-down in 2020, chunyun, the largest population mobility on this planet, had begun. We quantified impact of Wuhan lock-down on COVID-19 spread during chunyun across the nation.
The geographic distribution of cases revealed that chunyun facilitated the COVID-19 spread in the majority but not all cities, and the effectiveness of Wuhan lock-down was offset by chunyun. Impacts of Wuhan lock-down during chunyun on the COVID-19 spread demonstrated heterogenetic geographic patterns.
Conclusion
High-Speed Trains, International Flights: How the Coronavirus Spread
China is far more mobile than it was during the SARS outbreak in 2003, giving new viruses a ready route to the world at large. 3/2020
Coronavirus Update, Map as Death Toll Hits 4,000, Flights Cancelations Across Major Airlines Around the World
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Disinformation, Misinformation, Myths
VIDEO
Graphic source: https://usafactscms.azureedge.net/media/documents/State_of_the_Facts_2020_-_COVID-19.pdf
Graphic source: https://usafactscms.azureedge.net/media/documents/State_of_the_Facts_2020_-_COVID-19.pdf
Graphic source: https://usafactscms.azureedge.net/media/documents/State_of_the_Facts_2020_-_COVID-19.pdf
Graphic source: https://www.vox.com/coronavirus-covid19/21497221/donald-trump-covid-19-coronavirus-news-misinformation-study
Graphic source: https://www.medpagetoday.com/infectiousdisease/covid19/87605
Graphic source: https://www.statista.com/chart/22527/composition-of-covid-19-misinformation/
Graphic source: https://www.statista.com/chart/21693/misinformation-on-covid-in-america/
Combat Misinformation With 'Psychological Herd Immunity' - Better to "pre-bunk" misinformation sooner rather than later, experts say 9/2021 FSMB: SPREADING COVID-19 VACCINE MISINFORMATION MAY PUT MEDICAL LICENSE AT RISK The social network for doctors is full of vaccine disinformation 8/2021 Anatomy of a conspiracy: With COVID, China took leading role 2/2021 Anti-Vaccine Activists Use A Federal Database To Spread Fear About COVID Vaccines 6/2021 Confronting health misinformation - The U.S. Surgeon General’s Advisory on Building a Healthy Information Environment 2021 GO VIRAL! is a 5-minute game that helps protect you against COVID-19 misinformation. 7 Ways Hackers and Scammers Are Exploiting Coronavirus Panic 4/2020 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: Mythbusters WHO.int COVID Has Created a Perfect Storm for Fringe Science. It’s always been with us, but in a time of pandemic, its practitioners have an amplified capacity to unleash serious harm 4/2021 B> Doctors grow frustrated over COVID-19 denial, misinformation 10/2021
Fact check: No definitive evidence COVID-19 vaccine causes autoimmune disease
Our rating: False
Inoculating against COVID-19 vaccine misinformation 2/2021 Investigation Pokes Holes in Idea That Smoking Cuts COVID Risks - Financial conflicts of interest exposed for those who touted the "nicotine hypothesis" 6/2021 Learn the truth about the COVID-19 Vaccine Fact Sheet Disspelling the myths. New Haven Health Department Misinformation Alerts Misinformation surges amid India’s COVID-19 calamity 5/2021 B>
Most COVID-19 Misinformation Was Spread by These 12 Influencers 5/2021
Nine COVID-19 Myths That Just Won’t Go Away. From a human-made virus to vaccine conspiracy theories, we rounded up the most persistent false claims about the pandemic 8/2020 On social media, vaccine misinformation mixes with extreme faith. Even with renewed efforts by tech companies, religious-themed misinformation is among the hardest to police 2/2021 10 Tips to Avoid (Spreading) Fake News During a Crisis 4/2020
As Europe’s Coronavirus Cases Rise, So Do Voices Crying Hoax 9/2020 A Theory About Conspiracy Theories. In a new study, psychologists tried to get a handle on the personality types that might be prone to outlandish beliefs. 9/2020 Avoid Coronavirus Scams FTC.gov Conspiracy Theorists Are Blaming COVID-19 on 5G (What’s the Truth?) 7/2020 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: Myth busters WHO.int Coronavirus Doctors Battle Another Scourge: Misinformation. Physicians say they regularly treat people more inclined to believe what they read on Facebook than what a medical professional tells them. 8/2020 Coronavirus Misinformation Tracking Center Newguardtech.com Coronavirus myths, debunked: A cattle vaccine, bioweapons and a $3,000 test USAToday.com 3/2020 Coronavirus myths and misinformation, debunked CNN.com 3/2020 Coronavirus very likely of animal origin, no sign of lab manipulation: WHO Reuters.com 4/2020 COVID Misinformation Is Killing People. This “infodemic” has to stop 10/2020 COVID-19 Real Time Scam Hunter Dangerous Oleander Extract Not a COVID-19 Cure "That would definitely end up killing people" 8/2020 Debunking COVID-19 (coronavirus) myths Debunking the coronavirus myths and misinformation CNN Distancing from the vaccinated: Viral anti-vaccine infertility misinfo reaches new extremes. "You can't fact-check someone's personal experience," said one expert. "With Instagram stories, people share their testimony, and the first round of it feels so intimate and immediate." 5/2021 Donald Trump Is the 'Single Largest Driver' of COVID Misinformation, Study Says 10/2020 Fact-Checking Coronavirus Myths: Widely-Spread Falsehoods Debunked False claims about sources of coronavirus cause spat between the US, China 3/2020 FDA Warns Seller Marketing Dangerous Chlorine Dioxide Products that Claim to Treat or Prevent COVID-19 4/2020 FEMA Coronavirus Rumor Control Five myths about the coronavirus. Travel restrictions and masks won't actually help much. Hackers Created Thousands of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Related Sites As Bait 3/2020 Hoaxes about coronavirus tests have political uses and can push patients away 3/2020 How to report misinformation online WHO.int Provides links to 7 platform pages to report erroneous info! How You Can Stop COVID Lies From Spreading A few tips for clinicians 7/2020 Immune to Evidence: How Dangerous Coronavirus Conspiracies Spread 5/2020 Misinformation During a Pandemic 9/2020 Misleading information in 1 in 4 most viewed YouTube COVID-19 videos in English, study finds. Public health misinformation reaching far more people than in previous pandemics 5/2020 Online Scammers Have a New Offer for You: Vaccine Cards 4/2021 People tune out facts and trust their guts in medical emergencies Scam Websites Feed Science Denial and COVID Conspiracy Theories; Potential Neurological Mechanisms and Possible Responses JAMA 11/2020 Shouldn't Docs Who Spread False COVID Info Lose Their Licenses? 8/2021
State of the Facts 2020: COVID-19 USAFacts The Coronavirus Collection: Fact-Checking COVID-19 Snopes.com The Disinformation Dozen Center for Countering Digital Hate (CCDH) 5/2021 13 Coronavirus myths busted by science Livescience.com Trump has been the biggest source of Covid-19 misinformation, study finds. "The President of the United States was likely the largest driver of the COVID-19 misinformation 'infodemic.'" 10/2020 Trump's Statements About the Coronavirus Factcheck.org Vaccine Insights Hub
Live insights, intelligence and reporting guidance on emerging health and vaccine misinformation. Vaccine Misinformation Management Guide Variants, Misinformation, and ‘Brain Drain’ — The COVID-19 Vaccine Experience in Brazil, India, and Africa 7/2021 Virus Researchers Cast Doubt On Theory Of Coronavirus Lab Accident 4/2020 Which Experts Should You Listen to during the Pandemic? It should be a no-brainer: your best bet is to follow those who have actual expertise Scientific American. 6/2020 Why are Americans so confused about Covid-19? Blame Trump, Cornell study says 10/2020 Why False Claims About COVID-19 Refuse to Die. Tracking the information zombie apocalypse. 4/2020
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History of Epidemics, Pandemics
Video source: https://twitter.com/WebMD/status/1484677273169149961
Graphic source: https://www.visualcapitalist.com/history-of-pandemics-deadliest/
Graphic source: https://www.visualcapitalist.com/history-of-pandemics-deadliest/
Graphic source: https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/190/4/642/5922782
Graphic source: https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2021/08/06/covid-vaccine-why-do-people-refuse-the-vaccine-here-are-reasons-and-responses/5491922001/
Graphic source: Washington Post Coronavirus Updates
Graphic source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6492/700
COVID isn’t humanity’s first pandemic rodeo. How did we make it through the Spanish flu? Can pandemics of the past act as playbooks for today’s crisis? 2/2022 First Travel-related Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Detected in United States - 1/21/2020 10 lessons I’ve learned from the Covid–19 pandemic 12/2021 20 of the worst epidemics and pandemics in history 11/2021 An unequal blow 5/2020 A Quantitative Framework for Defining the End of an Infectious Disease Outbreak: Application to Ebola Virus Disease 10/2020 Concentrations and size distributions of airborne influenza A viruses measured indoors at a health centre, a day-care centre and on aeroplanes 2/2011 COVID Deaths Surpass 1918 Flu Deaths - COVID's toll not as heavy, but pandemic isn't over yet 9/2021
COVID-19 Was Worse Than the Flu in NYC... the 1918 Flu; Recent mortality rates were historically high, researchers found 8/2020 Criteria for declaring the end of the Ebola outbreak in Guinea, Liberia or Sierra Leone 5/2015 Did Fauci Warn Trump in 2017 That a 'Surprise Outbreak' Was Coming? 5/2020 Don't let the term fool you — 'Endemic' can be dangerous 1/2022 Epidemic Disease Occurrence CDC.gov Factors that may predict next pandemic. Climate change associated with emerging disease spread 3/2021 Here’s How the Pandemic Finally Ends. A vaccine by early 2021, a steady decline in cases by next fall and back to normal in a few years—11 top experts look into the future. 9/2020 How will COVID end? Experts look to past epidemics for clues 3/2022 History in a Crisis; Lessons for Covid-19 4/2020 How A Medieval City Dealing With The Black Death Invented Quarantine 7/2021 How COVID-19 Will Pass from Pandemic to Prosaic 4/2020 How Data Became One of the Most Powerful Tools to Fight an Epidemic 6/2020 How the Pandemic Now Ends Cases of COVID-19 are rising fast. Vaccine uptake has plateaued. The pandemic will be over one day—but the way there is different now. 8/2021
Here’s how Covid-19 ranks among the worst plagues in history. One year ago, China announced the first Covid-19 death. Now, the disease is among the 10 deadliest pandemics in history. 1/2021 How smallpox devastated the Aztecs – and helped Spain conquer an American civilization 500 years ago 2/2019 How will the pandemic end? The science of past outbreaks offers clues.
The answer depends on many factors, perhaps the most critical being the global nature of the crisis. 8/2021 How Pandemics End. An infectious outbreak can conclude in more ways than one, historians say. But for whom does it end, and who gets to decide? 5/2020 Influenza Infectious Dose May Explain the High Mortality of the Second and Third Wave of 1918-1919 Influenza Pandemic 7/2010 Lessons for COVID-19 from the Early Days of AIDS 8/2020 Lessons from the Spanish flu: Early restrictions lowered disease, mortality rates 3/2020 Medieval Pilgrims Apparently Tried to Ward Off the Plague With Bawdy Badges - Metal phalluses and vulvas were thought to protect against disease. 1/2021 New Model for Infectious Disease Could Better Predict Future Pandemics
Potential Benefits to Health Across Species, Communities and Environments Are Enormous 5/2021 New Zealand hits zero active coronavirus cases. Here are 5 measures to keep it that way 6/2020 9 questions about the Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic, answered 3/2020 Old records shed new light on smallpox outbreaks in 1700s 5/2021 Preparing for Omicron as a covid veteran 12/2021 BMJ Protesting During A Pandemic Isn't New: Meet The Anti-Mask League Of 1918 4/2020 San Francisco had the 1918 flu under control. And then it lifted the restrictions. A cautionary tale about the dangers of reopening too soon. 4/2020 Statistics say large pandemics are more likely than we thought. Most people are likely to experience an extreme pandemic like COVID-19 in their lifetime 8/2021 Duke U. ‘The 1918 flu is still with us’: The deadliest pandemic ever is still causing problems today 9/2020 The Black Death: A Timeline of the Gruesome Pandemic. One of the worst plagues in history arrived at Europe's shores in 1347. Five years later, some 25 to 50 million people were dead. 4/2020 The end of the pandemic will not be televised 12/2021 The Man Who Saw the Pandemic Coming - Will the world now wake up to the global threat of zoonotic diseases? 3/2020 The Mask Slackers of 1918 As the influenza pandemic swept across the United States in 1918 and 1919, masks took a role in political and cultural wars. 8/2020 The Next Pandemic Is Already Here - Tools for stopping it are readily available, if only we agree to use them 4/2021 The 9 most important unanswered questions about Covid-19 3/2020
The Mask Slackers of 1918. As the influenza pandemic swept across the United States in 1918 and 1919, masks took a role in political and cultural wars. 8/2020 Two stories of two deadly diseases; The ‘miracle’ of Warsaw and the plague of smallpox. 7/2020 The Worst Epidemics and Pandemics in History 6/2022 Vaccination, Religion, and Science: An Astonishing 300-Year-Old Story - It's time for a history lesson in the roots of vaccine advocacy and resistance 1/2022 Vaccine History Repeats Itself — Sometimes 5/2021 Venice’s Black Death and the Dawn of Quarantine Was a 19th Century Global Pandemic a Case of COVID 1.0? - Medical historians suspect Russian flu was caused by a coronavirus and holds lessons for today 2/2022 What Other Countries Can Learn From Italy During the COVID-19 Pandemic 4/2020 JAMA
Infectious Diseases
VIDEO
Graphic source: http://www.vox.com/2016/4/19/11450396/zika-virus-contagious-ebola-measles
Graphic source: http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/visualizations/the-microbescope-infectious-diseases-in-context/
Graphic source: http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/visualizations/the-microbescope/
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Media
Graphic source: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02741-x
Graphic source: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02741-x
Graphic source: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02741-x
Reopening/Post-Pandemic Issues
Graphic source: https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/risk/our-insights/covid-19-implications-for-business
Graphic source: https://www.statista.com/chart/22155/status-of-us-state-reopenings/
Graphic source: https://www.readyharris.org/Stay-Safe
Graphic source: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/world/coronavirus-maps.html#countries
Graphic source:
https://www.medpagetoday.com/infectiousdisease/covid19/87362
After Asking Americans to Sacrifice in Shutdown, Leaders Failed to Control Virus 6/2020 As Covid-19 cases surge, it is clear many governors underestimated the coronavirus and rushed to reopen before their states were ready. As States Rush to Reopen, Scientists Fear a Coronavirus Comeback Officials are under pressure to restart the economy, but many states are moving too quickly, researchers say. The costs may be measured in lost lives. 5/2020 CDC finds majority of Americans would not feel safe if coronavirus restrictions lifted nationwide 6/2020 CDC warns U.S. may reimplement strict coronavirus measures if cases go up dramatically 6/2020 China is reopening wet markets, as international pressure mounts against them 4/2020 Health experts caution against ‘new normal’ strategies for COVID-19 5/2022 How long before we know if reopenings cause virus spikes? 5/2020 How We Reopen Safely Tracking states as they make progress towards a new normal In countries keeping the coronavirus at bay, experts watch U.S. case numbers with alarm 6/2020
Infectious diseases named by location "I'll do what I want": Why the people ignoring social distancing orders just won't listen 3/2020 Lack of COVID-19 preparedness in line with previous findings, economists find 5/2020 On coronavirus, we know who will pay the price when states reopen before they should 5/2020 Op-Ed: The U.S. COVID-19 Failure Is Federal Unless Washington listens, more Americans will needlessly die 6/2020 Replace Trump And Bolster The CDC, A Leading Medical Journal Urges 5/2020 There's One Big Reason the U.S. Economy Can't Reopen. The country faces the same problem today that it did two months ago: There are not enough tests to contain the virus. 5/2020 There Is Still No Plan 5/2020 The U.S. and U.K. Were the Two Best Prepared Nations to Tackle a Pandemic What Went Wrong? 7/2020 The U.S. has hamstrung itself: How America became the new Italy on coronavirus 6/2020 The White House reportedly suppressed CDC guidance for reopening safely. The CDC created a detailed document with recommendations for how schools, religious institutions, and businesses might safely reopen. Trump baselessly claims Covid-19 testing is overrated and people wear masks to spite him 6/2020 Trump claims the coronavirus pandemic is ending. Data and the experts disagree. 6/2020 We don't have a president, or a plan. 60 days into the coronavirus crisis, the White House does not have a plan, a framework, a philosophy, or a goal. 5/2020 WHO process for declaring health emergencies scrutinized: COVID-19 response shows limitations 4/2020
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Second Wave
Graphic source: https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1932
Graphic source:https://www.futurity.org/reopening-economy-public-health-covid-19-2366532-2/
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Social Media
What Gen Z and Millennials Share Online About COVID-19
Graphic source: https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/social-media-covid-19-a-global-study-of-digital-crisis-interaction-among-gen-z-and-millennials
Graphic source: https://www.journalism.org/2020/06/24/as-covid-19-emerged-in-u-s-facebook-posts-about-it-appeared-in-a-wide-range-of-public-pages-groups/
Graphic source: https://www.journalism.org/2020/06/24/as-covid-19-emerged-in-u-s-facebook-posts-about-it-appeared-in-a-wide-range-of-public-pages-groups/
Graphic source: https://www.journalism.org/2020/06/24/as-covid-19-emerged-in-u-s-facebook-posts-about-it-appeared-in-a-wide-range-of-public-pages-groups/
Graphic source: https://www.journalism.org/2020/06/24/news-organizations-were-most-prominent-source-in-covid-19-content-shared-in-public-facebook-spaces/
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Strategic Planning for Reopening the U.S.
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Unintended Consequences & Unforeseen Issues
Video source: https://twitter.com/bettycjung/status/1253938448811077632
February 2019 - February 2020
February 2019 - February 2020
Lockdown cleans Europe’s skies
Graphic source: https://earthsky.org/earth/satellite-images-show-earth-changing/
Calculated trends in geophysical PM2.5 values from 1998-2018. Warm colours indicate positive trends and cool colours negative trends. The opacity of the colours indicates the statistical significance of the trends. Credit: Martin Lab
Map source: https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/earth-sciences/global-pollution-mapped-for-good-and-bad/
Graphic source: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146741/nitrogen-dioxide-levels-rebound-in-china
Graphic source: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146741/nitrogen-dioxide-levels-rebound-in-china
Graphic source: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146741/nitrogen-dioxide-levels-rebound-in-china
Graphic source: https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2020/05/19/greenhouse-emissions-coronavirus/
Graphic source: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146362/airborne-nitrogen-dioxide-plummets-over-china
Graphic source: https://www.statista.com/chart/21495/no2-in-the-air-selected-cities/
Graphic source: https://www.statista.com/chart/21424/no2-concentration-selected-cities/
Graphic source: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146362/airborne-nitrogen-dioxide-plummets-over-china
Graphic source: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146596/airborne-particle-levels-plummet-in-northern-india
Behavioral & Health Changes
Economic Changes
Graphic source: https://www.marketingcharts.com/customer-centric/spending-trends-224907
Graphic source: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/11/04/amid-the-pandemic-a-rising-share-of-older-u-s-adults-are-now-retired/
Graphic source: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/11/04/amid-the-pandemic-a-rising-share-of-older-u-s-adults-are-now-retired/
Graphic source: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/11/04/amid-the-pandemic-a-rising-share-of-older-u-s-adults-are-now-retired/
Graphic source: https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/2021-07-22/tokyo-olympics-begin-despite-public-disapproval
Graphic source: https://faculty.wcas.northwestern.edu/~mdo738/research/ACDKT_0321.pdf
Graphic source: NY Times In Her Words May 8. 2021
Graphic source: NY Times In Her Words May 8. 2021
Education Changes
Graphic source: https://usafacts.org/state-of-the-union/economy/
Graphic source: NY Times In Her Words May 8. 2021
Environmental Changes
Graphic source: https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Wildfire-smoke-linked-to-thousands-of-COVID-19-16385466.php">
Graphic source: https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Wildfire-smoke-linked-to-thousands-of-COVID-19-16385466.php">
Graphic source: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/agu-panel-explores-environmental-impacts-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-as-observed-from-space
Graphic source: https://cosmosmagazine.com/health/medicine/covid-news-and-trends-20-november/
AGU Panel Explores Environmental Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic, as Observed from Space 12/2020 Bodies of Hundreds of New York COVID Victims Still in Trucks on Brooklyn Pier 5/2021 Discarded COVID masks and gloves are really bad for the environment 5/2021 August 22, 2020 - Earth Overshoot Day 2020 Arrives 3 weeks later than in previous years
Earth Overshoot Day will, for the first time, arrive later than it did the year before. (By more than three weeks!) That's a direct result of the coronavirus shutdowns, which reduced humanity's ecological footprint by 9.3 percent, according to estimates from Global Footprint Network researchers.
After Coronavirus, Office Workers Might Face Unexpected Health Threats 5/2020. Stagnant plumbing systems in emptied commercial buildings could put returning employees at risk of Legionnaires' and other illnesses. Airborne Nitrogen Dioxide Plummets Over China Airborne Particle Levels Plummet in Northern India 4/2020 COVID-19 Could Cause Historic Drop in Carbon Emissions 4/2020 COVID-19 Improves Air Quality in Just Three Months 4/2020 COVID-19 lockdown caused 50 percent global reduction in human-linked Earth vibrations 7/2020 COVID-19 lockdowns in China, Europe averted tens of thousands of premature deaths related to air pollution, study finds 10/2020 COVID-19 lockdowns significantly impacting global air quality 5/2020 During lockdown we were light on the Earth. Scientists record the seismic noise of social distancing. 7/2020 Global pollution mapped, for good and bad 6/2020 Global emissions plunged an unprecedented 17 percent during the coronavirus pandemic 5/2020 In China, quarantine improves air and prevents thousands of premature deaths 5/2020 Major Cities Around the World See Improvements in Air Quality 4/2020 Nitrogen Dioxide Levels Rebound in China 5/2020 The Covid-19 pandemic is threatening vital rainforests. The coronavirus is undermining efforts to control rainforest fires in Indonesia and Brazil. And those fires could worsen the pandemic. 6/2020 The Plastic Deluge: 8 Million Tons of Waste From COVID-19 - Treatment of plastic waste is not keeping up with demand for plastic products 11/2021 Visualizing Changes in Nitrogen Dioxide Levels During the COVID-19 Pandemic 8/2020 Wildfire Smoke and COVID-19 Wildfire smoke linked to thousands of coronavirus cases on West Coast 8/2021
Excess Deaths
Graphic source: https://click.newsletters.time.com/?qs=d444cab5cff32001009ab180f5bd4f5a603e8cc29f7e40c1932b51626709bddb85723ba39452d36451c9cab3712b21b99ea0ebbe620fc50978564a24f1c7abf6
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Health Changes
"Trends in STD case reports during the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic, Jan.-Dec. 2020
New CDC data show that during March-April 2020, reported STD cases dramatically decreased compared to the same time in 2019. However, a resurgence in gonorrhea and syphilis cases later in the year suggest overall STDs may have increased during 2020."
Health Services Changes
Graphic source: https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/healthcare-systems-and-services/our-insights/nursing-in-2021-retaining-the-healthcare-workforce-when-we-need-it-most
Graphic source: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6936a4.htm
AACR REPORT ON THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON CANCER RESEARCH AND PATIENT CARE 2/2022 AACR REPORT ON THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON CANCER RESEARCH AND PATIENT CARE Actual Report/PDF 2/2022 Americans get sicker as omicron stalls everything from heart surgeries to cancer care 2/2022 Childhood vaccinations plunge since Covid-19 pandemic started, CDC says 5/2020 Companies are telling unvaccinated workers to pay more for health insurance 11/2021 Delay or Avoidance of Medical Care Because of COVID-19-Related Concerns - United States, June 2020 MMWR 9/2020 Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine Pediatric Vaccine Ordering and Administration United States, 2020
MMWR 5/2020 The health system isn’t ready for an advanced cancer surge. But it’s coming. 2/2022
How the COVID-19 Pandemic Has Changed Cancer Care, In 4 Charts 8/2020 Is Covid-19 scaring heart attack victims away from ERs? 5/2020 Many ICU staff have experienced mental health conditions in COVID-19 pandemic 7/2021 Nursing in 2021: Retaining the healthcare workforce when we need it most 5/2021 Pandemic Upends Breast Cancer Diagnoses. UC San Diego Health study documents fewer early-stage and more late-stage breast cancer diagnoses as patients delay care 2/2022 Potential COVID-19 vaccine has re-energized anti-vaccination groups, health experts warn. Misinformation out in full force, and health officials must catch up, scientists say 6/2020 Report Documents COVID's Burden on Cancer Care, Research - Delayed screening and treatment, interrupted research, and cancer's role in vaccine development 2/2022 'The Biggest Monster' Is Spreading. And It’s Not the Coronavirus. Tuberculosis kills 1.5 million people each year. Lockdowns and supply-chain disruptions threaten progress against the disease as well as H.I.V. and malaria. 8/2020 The Pandemic's Hidden Victims: Sick or Dying, but Not From the Virus As the coronavirus overwhelms the health care system, people with other illnesses struggle to find treatment. 4/2020 This Year’s Largest Healthcare Data Breaches. More than 550 organizations reported healthcare data breaches to HHS in 2021, impacting over 40 million individuals. 11/2021 Understanding the hidden costs of COVID-19’s potential impact on US healthcare 9/2020 Why Health-Care Workers Are Quitting in Droves The Atlantic 11/2021
Life Expectancy Changes
Graphic source: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/vsrr/vsrr015-508.pdf
Graphic source: New York Times
Graphic source: https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2021-07-21/us-life-expectancy-sees-largest-drop-since-world-war-2
Mental Health Changes
Graphic source: https://www.psychiatry.org/newsroom/news-releases/apa-offers-tips-for-understanding-prolonged-grief-disorder
Nature Changes
Graphic source: https://www.ucdavis.edu/news/genomic-analysis-reveals-many-animal-species-may-be-vulnerable-sars-cov-2-infection
Public Health Changes
Graphic source: https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/issue-brief/tracking-social-determinants-of-health-during-the-covid-19-pandemic/
Science/Research Changes
Societal Changes
Graphic source: https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/slide/about-8-in-10-adults-say-normal-life-will-look-different-going-forward/
Graphic source: https://www.marketingcharts.com/charts/consumers-activities-post-pandemic/attachment/tivo-consumer-activities-post-pandemic-mar2021
Graphic source: https://www.marketingcharts.com/charts/us-adults-activities-since-covid-19-started/attachment/mckinsey-new-behaviors-since-covid-19-dec2020
As Covid risk dwindles in Europe, police warn of renewed terror threats
"We have seen an increased body of online extremism and hatred," London's Metropolitan Police said. 5/2021 Asian Immigrant Experiences with Racism, Immigration-Related Fears, and the COVID-19 Pandemic 6/2021 KFF.org Five pandemic-related changes that are likely here to stay. The way we buy cars and groceries and see a doctor may have changed forever 5/2021 15 Useful Words That Were Invented During the Pandemic 4/2021 Asian Americans most likely to live in multigenerational homes. How Covid has taken a toll. "I think many of us come from cultures where putting family and community before yourself is highly valued." 9/2020 A spike in deaths has put unusual strain on the death care industry 1/2021 At least 20 million years of life have been lost to COVID-19, study suggests - The study examined "how much life has been cut short" due to COVID-19 worldwide. 2/2021 California Lifts Ban on Plastic Bags Amid Virus Concerns 4/2020 Can I Be Evicted During Coronavirus? Chinese-American Families Treated Badly During COVID-19 - One in two surveyed parents and children agreed that the media perpetuated sinophobia 11/2020 COVID-19 reduced U.S. life expectancy, especially among Black and Latino populations. Life expectancy at birth will shorten by more than one year 1/2021 COVID-19 Pandemic Continues To Reshape Work in America
As more workplaces reopen, most teleworkers say they are working from home by choice rather than necessity 2/2022 During pandemic, racism puts additional stress on Asian Americans 9/2020
During pandemic, racism puts additional stress on Asian Americans 9/2020
How COVID-19 Has Changed Business Cybersecurity Priorities Forever 8/2020 ‘It Is Random and It Is Everywhere’: Business Owners Struggle With Unrelenting Anti-Asian Violence in NYC. Asian and Asian-American restaurateurs say the murders in Atlanta have reinforced the rise in violence and fear they’ve already experienced for over a year 3/2021 Many Black and Asian Americans Say They Have Experienced Discrimination Amid the COVID-19 Outbreak. About four-in-ten U.S. adults say it has become more common for people to express racist views toward Asians since the pandemic began 3/2021 Most Approve of National Response to COVID-19 in 14 Advanced Economies 8/2020 Most vulnerable still in jeopardy as COVID precautions ease 2/2022 APnews.com New York Officials Urge Protesters to Get Tested to Control Virus 5/2020 Pandemic leads to national coin shortage; Federal Reserve task force created to help 7/2020 An apparent shortage of circulating coins born out of the coronavirus pandemic has spurred the creation of a U.S. Coin Task Force to help solve the problem. The Changing Political Geography of COVID-19 Over the Last Two Years 3/2022 The Coronavirus Becomes a Battle Cry for U.S. Extremists. White supremacists seek to stoke the fear and disruption caused by the pandemic to push their agenda and to recruit. 5/2020 Don't Get Kicked Out.com 19 Ways Coronavirus Has Changed What Americans Buy 4/2020 Something Good Has Actually Come From the Coronavirus Outbreak 2/2020 The COVID-19 impact in hard numbers 7/2020.Analysis quantifies economic pain and environmental gain. The end of COVID-19: What the workforce thinks about returning to the office 3/2021 The essential worker trap It's hard to get unemployment benefits if you’ve been deemed essential. 5/2020 The murder spike in big US cities, explained. Murders are up in big cities this summer. Here are seven possible reasons why. 8/2020 The pandemic ruined time 12/2020 TiVo Video Trends Report Q4 20202 Two Years Into the Pandemic, Americans Inch Closer to a New Normal 3/2022 US firearms purchases skyrocket during pandemic, according to FBI records 8/2020 Us Vs. Them In A Pandemic: Researchers Warn Divisions Could Get Dangerous 5/2020 Well-being in Europe: Addressing the high cost of COVID-19 on life satisfaction 6/2020
Technological Changes
Graphic source: https://en.247mirror.com/world-really-intriguing-perspective-charts
Graphic source: https://en.247mirror.com/world-really-intriguing-perspective-charts
Graphic source: https://www.statista.com/chart/21286/known-coronavirus-related-malicious-online-threats/
