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May 28, 2004 - It has come to this - a blog page... Blog is short for Web Log. Now that the Internet has become an almost indispensable part of our lives, many have started using it to keep an online journal of sorts. I started adding "Newsworthy Stuff" tidbits back near towards the end of 2000 on my What's New Page. I thought these tidbits would be more useful if they were compiled on one page. Therefore, all these tidbits will be compiled on this page after they've had their Net time on the most recent What's New Page, with the most recent entries at the beginning (so you don't have to scroll so much). Added links along the way will continue to be compiled on annual "What Was New" pages that you can access by clicking on year graphic. Thanks. Betty
Despite advances in computer technology (i.e., desktop statistical analysis and GIS mapping, etc.) population-based statistics still require years to compile, especially if they are for numerous diseases and large geographic locations. For example, national morbidity and mortality statistics still take two to three years to compile, although the Internet has reduced the time it takes to get these compilations to you via Internet postings, a smart strategy the CDC has adopted in recent years. The only problem is the cost of publishing has been transferred over to the end user. Even though we all want a paperless existence, this is not going to happen any time soon. I still find it virtually impossible to look at statistical tables on a computer screen, and I am sure many epidemiologists would agree.
For the first time, I believe that the divide between data compilation and dissemination may be eliminated with the advent of technologies the Internet can make the most of. Poodwaddle.com, a one-man operation, has managed to develop a series of clocks that can track a variety of data. I like his World Clock so much that it has become part of my home page. Check it out and view the statistics for a number of the most common noncommunicable and infectious diseases in the world, for the year, the month, the week or even the day. Frightening and fascinating at the same time, you will develop an appreciation of why Public Health is still the most important issue in our lives.
Administrative Contact [344946]:
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Record created on: 2007-10-09 08:00:23.0
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Registrant Search: "Domain Park Limited" owns about 71,746 other domains
Email Search: is associated with about 74,396 domains
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Reverse IP: 241,712 other sites hosted on this server.
Source: http://whois.domaintools.com/roxylogo.com
Apparently, these companies still think they can make money from erroneous URL entries. Obviously, there is a lot of money to be made with these transactions. Avoid using them and put them out of business. Then again, it's good to see there is legal recourse in such matters:
Citizens Financial Group, Inc. v. Domain Park Limited Claim Number: FA0705000975307
The work is the first big study to show a link between meat and lung cancer. It also shows that people who eat a lot of meat have a higher risk of liver and esophageal cancer and that men raise their risk of pancreatic cancer by eating red meat.
A decrease in the consumption of red and processed meat could reduce the incidence of cancer at multiple sites," Dr. Amanda Cross and colleagues at the U.S. National Cancer Institute wrote in their report, published in the Public Library of Science journal PLoS Medicine.
Red meat was defined as all types of beef, pork and lamb. Processed meat included bacon, red meat sausage, poultry sausage, luncheon meats, cold cuts, ham and most types of hot dogs including turkey dogs.
Meats can cause cancer by several routes, the researchers noted. "For example, they are both sources of saturated fat and iron, which have independently been associated with carcinogenesis," the researchers wrote.
Meat is also a source of several chemicals known to cause DNA mutations, including N-nitroso compounds (NOCs), heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
Source: http://health.yahoo.com/news/reuters/cancer_meat_dc.html
Original research article: http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0040325
You can also find a link to this article on my Nutrition Page , the section "Food and Chronic Diseases."
In a nutshell, the glycemic index assigns a value to carbohydrates (a source of energy; the other two are proteins and fats) on the basis of that food's ability to cause a rapid sugar dump, the higher the value, the more rapid the sugar dump (well, this is in layman's terms). The rapid rise in blood sugar caused by some carbohydrates (aka carbs) places a major burden on the pancreas to release insulin rapidly to metabolize the sugar. Those carbs that cause this rapid rise have a higher value on the glycemic index.
The constant demand of these rapid sugar dumps will eventually burn out the pancreas, which means Type 2 diabetes, when the pancreas can no longer secrete the insulin, thus, necessitating the need to receive insulin from an outside source to meet the demand to metabolize blood sugar. People who take oral drugs for diabetes basically have a failing pancreas. Once the pancreas goes, then they must take insulin.
I should mention that not everyone sees the value of the glycemic index for managing diabetes (avoiding those carbs that are high on the glycemic index scale). But with the release of these two studies, I am hoping that more people will seriously look at carbs a different way. We do need to eat carbs (that's the only source of energy the brain uses), but not all carbs are the same, some are just better for you than others.
Diabetes educators I have spoken to are pretty much split 50/50 on using the glycemic index for nutrition counseling, from total rave to total nay. I like it because there is a scientific basis to this useful tool. A very simple way to remember what's good and not good (glycemic index-wise) - eat very colorful fruits and vegetables (low on the glycemic index, except for carrots), and avoid white foods - rice, bread, potato, pasta (high on the glycemic index, in which white rice is the #1 offender).
If you want to eat these starches, go for the more colorful, whole grain versions. Check out the "Glycemic Index" section on my Diabetes Page for links to sites dealing with the glycemic index, one of which is a spreadsheet you can use to track your carb intake on the basis of how various foods add to the glycemic load that body must deal with. Salud!
A guide to Medicare Preventive Services for health professionals is also available from CMS. You can find a link to this guide on my Resources for Health Professionals Page .
The Internet is insidiously replacing your local library as the source for information and resources, your local retailers for goods and services, your banker for banking, etc., etc. Using the Internet has become THE most important skill to navigate in the world today. Just look at what current job seekers must deal with in finding a job. Notice how the newpaper want ads have dwindled into nothing, especially when employers, watching the bottom line, are using the Internet to recruit new workers, as well as check out their references and profiles online.
Okay, back to seniors today. NIH has come out with a toolkit for trainers to help seniors find health information online. Finding health information, especially credible health information, is an important skill to have, not only for seniors, of which health is an important issue, but for everyone. I think it is so crucial that I have made finding credible health information a vital part of the university Wellness course I am currently teaching. My students must develop a fact sheet on a Wellness topic solely from researching Internet sources.
Health illiteracy is not just a problem with seniors, but with young people as well. Not everything on the Internet is credible, and there's nothing worse than making health decisions based on poor quality information, or disinformation. Knowing what's credible health information is a critical thinking skill that is not intuitive, but requires some direction, instruction and practice to truly be able to separate the chaff from the wheat. (See my August 1, 2007 Blog entry about credible health information. This is one of my favorite recurrent topic of interest on my blog).
While the toolkit is geared towards trainers, it is simple enough for anyone to use for instruction or self-instruction. It would make for a great refresher course for anyone who want to get the most out of their Internet experience. We all can learn to use the Internet more proficiently. People can use materials provided for spending quality time with their parents and older relatives. School age kids can do a shared activity with their grandparents, as they explore together what health information is available online. Lesson plans include:
For beginning students with little computer experience:
Module 1: Internet Basics
For beginning students with some Internet experience:
Module 2: Introduction to NIHSeniorHealth
Module 3: NIHSeniorHealth Quizzes and Videos
Module 4: NIHSeniorHealth FAQs and Site Index
For beginning and intermediate students:
Module 5: NIHSeniorHealth and Exercise for Older Adults
For intermediate students:
Module 6: Introduction to MedlinePlus
Module 7: MedlinePlus: Drugs and Supplements, Medical Encyclopedia
Module 8: MedlinePlus: News and Directories
For all students:
Module 9: Evaluating Health Websites
Glossary of Computer and Internet Terms for Older Adults
You can find a link to NIHSeniorHealth Toolkit for Trainers on my Senior Health Page .
Over the years, I have received positive comments from users, so it is a satisfying endeavor for me that jobseekers are finding it a useful source for jobs. I developed the newsletter because in the early days of PHENOM , most of my mentoring contacts were people looking for jobs. As I developed my Internet skills, I was able to find an efficient way to get job postings out to those interested, thus, a newsletter. If you are a jobseeker, you can subscribe for free on my Web site. For more information about about the listserv, check out http://health.groups.yahoo.com/group/Phjobs/
RECOMMENDATIONS
All the recommendations are common sense, and should not be a shock to anybody. The only recommendation I would probably add is about smoking - don't start, and if you are smoking, stop. You can find a link to the original report on my Nutrition Page . I must warn you it's 537 pages long!
PRAY that you never see this take over your wallpaper, because if you do, you are in big trouble. Most likely, you would not even be able to read this message. The trojan virus responsible for this forced me to take my computer in to have the hard drive wiped. Of course, I didn't know this happened until I read Kim Kommando's 10/15 column - 3 days after the fact:
"Attacked by Safewebnavigate
Q. We are being bombarded by pop-ups. The pop-ups indicate an alleged threat. We got thousands of these yesterday, and many more today. Initially, there was also a blood red (dripping) screen with Oriental style writing. I eliminated the red screen. The pop-ups refer to Safewebnavigate. They are getting past our antivirus protection. My wife and kids swear they haven't been on anything that would cause this. Please help.
A. This is a heavy-duty adware infection. References to it began cropping up on the Web in August. Your antivirus program probably would not find or remove it. You need to use anti-spyware programs."
Source: Kim Kommando's October 15th Tip of the Day.
For example, here is one in which you can find out the current value of your U.S. savings bonds that I have added to my Cool & Use Sites - Money Matters section :
And, here is my favorite that I have on my Cool & Useful Sites Index Page ,
I can look at this all day, and the best part is I don't have to feed them! I hope you enjoy finding these on the various Web pages of this site!
"New research suggests that a hormone from the skeleton, of all places, may influence how the body handles sugar. Mounting evidence also demonstrates that signals from the immune system, the brain and the gut play critical roles in controlling glucose and lipid metabolism. .... “For the first time,” ... “we see that the skeleton is actually an endocrine organ,” producing hormones that act outside of bone....Working with mice, he found that a previously known substance called osteocalcin, which is produced by bone, acted by signaling fat cells as well as the pancreas.
A deficiency in osteocalcin could also turn out to be a cause of Type 2 diabetes, Dr. Karsenty said. Another recent suspect in glucose regulation is the immune system. In 2003, researchers from two laboratories found that fat tissue from obese mice contained an abnormally large number of macrophages, immune cells that contribute to inflammation.
Many researchers agree that obesity is accompanied by a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation in which some immune cells are activated, and that that may be a primary cause of insulin resistance. They also agree that the main type of cell responsible for the inflammation is the macrophage, Dr. Saltiel said. New research also suggests that “not all macrophages are created equal,” added Dr. Saltiel. There appear to be “good ones and bad ones” competing in fat tissue, with potentially large consequences for inflammation anddiabetes.... Hormones from the small intestine called incretins turn out to talk directly with the brain and pancreas in ways that help reduce blood sugar and cause animals and people to eat less and lose weight, Dr. Rizza said." Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/16/health/16diab.html?ei=5087&en=ea71c481d25b57a6&ex=1208145600&adxnnl=1&mkt=healthphoto&adxnnlx=1192709153-oZmfD2WDOdSFYcG03X3PMA (Thanks, Sue Hewes)
While researchers are learning how complex Type 2 diabetes is, and are excited about the possibilities of new types of therapies to treat diabetes, I am seeing public health implications of what we can do to prevent the development of diabetes.
Hormones have always played an essential role in our bodies. I think Osteocalcin may actually be "THE" explanation for the increase in fractures among those who take glitazones, which was found to be a class effect (Source: http://www.prescriber.org.uk/?p=336). When I first heard about the increased risk for fractures, I was puzzled as to the mechanism for this, and no one had an answer. Now, it looks like we do.
Low-grade inflammation has been known to be a cause of endothelial dysfunction, the fundamental pathology of cardiovascular disease (http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/01.CIR.0000017863.52347.6Cv1.pdf) [thus,why aspirin is recommended], as well as other diseases. Knowing that "good and bad" macrophages (what's responsible for low-grade inflammation) exist in fat tissue may be contributing to the development of insulin resistance is a good reason for eliminating or decreasing the fat we carry (especially around our waist) with better diet and exercise.
Finally, I think that conceptualizing bone as an endocrine organ may be a good explanation for why brisk walking is good for those with diabetes in helping them control their blood sugar. Walking, an aerobic activity, has always been seen as protecting the cardiovascular system against heart disease by building up the heart muscle. But, now we may begin to view walking as also a good way of stimulating the bone to release osteocalcin, thus, preventing the development of diabetes. Another good reason to take a brisk walk every day.
According to the CDC:
Aside from non-melanoma skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women. Breast cancer is the number one cause of cancer death in Hispanic women. It is the second most common cause of cancer death in white, black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Alaska Native women.
In 2004 (the most recent year numbers are available),
"Incidence rate" means how many women out of a given number get the disease each year. (In 2004), white women had the highest incidence rate for breast cancer. Black women had the second highest incidence of getting breast cancer, followed by Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, and American Indian/Alaska Native women.
From 1969–2004, the rate of women dying from breast cancer has varied, depending on women's race and ethnicity. ....black women were more likely to die of breast cancer than any other group. White women had the second highest rate of deaths from breast cancer, followed by women who are Hispanic, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Asian/Pacific Islander.
Source: http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/statistics/race.htm
The risk of getting breast cancer increases with age. For example, 3.5% of women who are now 60 years old will get breast cancer sometime during the next 10 years. That is, 3 to 4 out of every 100 women who are 60 years old today will get breast cancer by the age of 70.
The risk of dying from breast cancer increases with age. For example, 0.7% of women who are now 60 years old will die from breast cancer during the next 10 years. That is, about 1 woman out of 100 women who are 60 years old today will die from breast cancer by the age of 70.
Source: http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/statistics/age.htm
As reported in a 10/1 New York Times article:
"More than 80 percent of those surveyed believed that one in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer this year. This common breast cancer statistic is often misapplied. The truth is that a woman’s lifetime risk for developing breast cancer is about one in eight, or 12 percent. About 178,000 women will be diagnosed this year, which amounts to 0.2 percent of adult women, based on United States census data. The odds that breast cancer will kill a particular woman is one in 35, according to the American Cancer Society."
Source: http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/10/01/despite-awareness-campaigns-breast-cancer-myths-linger/
For more information of what is currently known about breast cancer, check my Breast Cancer Page
Apparently, many of these projects were academic in nature, and sustainability was not a strategy to preserving this type of work, so they died when these academics moved on to other things. However, some did archive their projects online (good thing), so you really can see the primordial stages of this kind of mapping, which look really primitive against Touch Graph. If geographers can map our physical world, then why not map the virtual world that makes up the World Wide Web???
I tried it out on my Web site url: http://www.bettycjung.net/, and this is what I got
Then I tried my name: Betty C. Jung, and this is what I got:
Isn't this absolutely the coolest thing you have ever seen? You can watch TouchGraph dynamically graph the relationships it finds. It's color-coded, showing which sites are related in content to specific popular pages on my Web site.
I have tried to do this with my Web site, by using a common background and navigational bar for pages with related content. Unfortunately, some Web site raters do not understand this concept of interconnectivity and consider this as a sign of inconsistency. I suppose they have a lot to learn about what the Web is really all about...
This brings to mind a matter of semantics. The word "mapping" is used to describe the act of showing spatial distance - a picture of where a particular place is located, in relation to other places. This is why we use a map to find a place, or to provide us guidance with how to get to some particular place. Then the term "mapping" was used to describe ideas in terms of distance and location (e.g., concept mapping), though such renditions are not always easy to grasp, even though intuitively you can sort of see what the mapper was driving at. In essence, mapping is just a term we are so familiar with that we can easily understand when people say, "Let's map it out."
However, technically speaking, can we really map the World Wide Web?? Where exactly does the World Wide Web exist? It resides in the memory of computers, which can be located at a variety of places we can physically visit (but may not have the security clearance to gain access). So, when you use your browser to retrieve a Web site, the location of that Web site (which can be one or many pages) is where you retrieved it, wherever that may be in the physical world we live in (then again, you could be on a plane and do this).
Actually, a Web site can virtually exist at a number of different places at the same time, and it can instantaneously show up on your computer in a matter of seconds (with a fast connection, that is). So, where exactly does a Web site exist? Is it on the server where the physical pages (but this is nothing like what we call hardcopies) actually reside, or, on the computer in front of you (in virtual residence???), where you can download the page to your C drive, or print it out and actually have it physically in your hands? I can go on, but if this gets you to think about what cyberspace is all about, that's good enough for me.
So, in summary, I see "Web mapping" as more conceptual in nature, and more akin to what graphing does, and that is to show relationships (which are more than just spatial when it comes to the Web). So, the proper terminology should probably be "Web graphing" for these visual renderings of the Web (a term which captures the strength of what it does, in every sense of the word), and what TouchGraph esthetically does so well. The Internet has truly forced us to transcend our physical world in ways that were inconceivable some 10 years ago!
You can find a link to TouchGraph on my Graphing Page , which is fast becoming the most popular content page on my Web site. Can you see why?
It has taken me 5 hours, but I think you will find the Connecticut Public Health Resources Page a site to behold (at least I hope). Let me know what else you would like to see on this page
Type D personality has been linked with
Instead of focusing on individual elements such as depression, anxiety, hostility, and social isolation, using broad personality traits may be a faster or more efficient way to identify people at higher-than-average risk of heart disease.
The problem with this approach is that it’s easier to change a particular trait, such as hostility, or a mood, such as depression, than it is to change a personality type. But as Dr. Denollet says, this is just the beginning of the research process, not the end. (Source: http://www.health.harvard.edu/newsweek/Type_D_for_distressed.htm)
For more info and links to Type D personality, check my Temperament Page , Under "Birth Order, Emotion, Temperament - Impact on Creativity and Health", Type D Personality.
Some of what Public Health covers in its interventions overlap with what Social Work covers, such as substance abuse and mental health issues. The main difference, of course, is Public Health targets populations, while Social Work targets individuals for intervention.
SAMHSA has put together a registry of substance abuse and mental health interventions that may be useful to Public Health practitioners working in these areas. Types of interventions covered by the registry include: Mental health promotion, Mental health treatment, Substance abuse prevention, Substance abuse treatment, Co-occurring disorders. You can search for what has been done by picking type, design, population, setting, etc. You can find a link to this registry at Health Education Resources on the Net Page
"So we asked visitors to MedPage Today whether they felt prepared to interpret conflicting research on a drug's safety.
So, there you have it. Only about a quarter would change their practice in the face of conflicting research findings. Though one survey does not a study make, researchers may need to think about the way they present their findings to physicians who may be too busy to try and figure out what to believe. Frankly, there have been many times I have read abstracts that were so poorly written that I question the quality of the research itself enough to not even bother reading the article. All comes down to communication, doesn't it?
Yes! After being on the Web for 8 years, AND after 85 awards, finally - a gold award! Never hurts to keep trying, and trying, and trying....
. Let us never forget those who innocently died at the hands of terrorists on 9/11/2001.
September is National Preparedness Month. If you’ve been putting emergency planning on hold, let the procrastination come to an end!
Visit Ready.gov for help getting prepared.
You’ll find:
• A checklist of supplies for a basic emergency kit
• Guidance on developing a plan for emergency situations
• Information about different kinds of disasters and emergencies
• Separate preparedness sections for kids and businesses
With the hurricane season continuing through September and beyond, you might also check out USA.gov’s Hurricanes page. You’ll find help with emergency planning for hurricanes; a link to the National Hurricane Center; storm tracking updates from NASA; and more.
, I have just added this graphic to all my public health sites pages that will enable you to get back to the index page so you can easily access the other public health sites pages. I have decided to spruce up these pages because I have removed all the wellness pages that showcased the research of students from earlier semesters. Most of the links on those pages started dying (as expected). So, rather than spend hours removing the dead links I have decided to provide wellness information on the public health sites pages. Just click on the graphic to get to the Public Health Sites Index Page and see what topics are covered, either on the Public Health Sites Pages, or on individual pages for the more popular topics. This goes to show that there is no end to finding ways to enhance the site....
I think that Mississippi should be viewed as the "canary in the coal mine" of where the country is heading, and that this state deserves some serious attention for testing out interventions for stemming the tide of obesity. I have constantly heard at conferences, lectures, etc. about how obesity is spreading across all states over time. I think the most telling is the map for 2001:
Yet, not one speaker has ever pointed out the blatant fact that Mississippi stands out above all other states and the first state to belong in a higher percentage category for obesity each time a new category is created. In 2006, Mississippi, now along with West Virginia, have an obesity prevalence of over 30%. Both of these states have the highest rates of Type 2 diabetes in the nation (over 10%), hypertension (over 32%), and both are in the top ten states for the highest rates of poverty. I can go on, but you should read what else they have to say in this eye-opening report. You can find a link to this on my Evaluation Page, under "State Report Cards [Health Behaviors] (Non-government)"
I am so pleased that this Web site has reached another birthday! Thanks to all the many visitors from around the world who have come by, whether they have stumbled upon, surfed by, etc. to this Web site. It has been a growing experience for me as a Webmaster, who started off with only the idea of posting my annotated bibliographies (to share my passion for reading).
Along the way, I found that I could share just about anything (my passion for movies), get to help others who wanted some career guidance (PHENOM, an online mentoring program) and even help those who we think are pretty smart already (Graphing and Biostatistics). I have the chance to provide kids a safe place online to share in the joy of learning, and as well as provide the opportunity for people to learn more about themselves (Personality Page). But, above all else, and most of all, I am able to share my true passion - Public Health!
To all visitors, new and returning, please continue to drop by 24/7. I welcome all your comments, suggestions and appreciate your accolades . A millions heart-felt thanks for making what I view as my hobby into a worthwhile endeavor!
If you want to get a sense of what it is like to deal with unbearable loss, I recommend Joan Didion's "Year of Magical Thinking." No writing is more poignant than what a gifted writer can portray about the almost automatic adoption of irrational thinking caught in a web of seething emotion. It's that unbelievable feeling at a wake when you expect the deceased to just get up out of the coffin and comfort everyone with the physical presence that is impossible to occur. After the burial, the emptiness is palpable.
Finally, it is great to see that the NIH's National Institute of Aging has come out with a great Webpage called "Mourning the Death of a Spouse" that is practical and helpful for those who have lost a spouse. But don't wait until then to read the page, do it now in preparation for the inevitable loss of a loved one. Share it with your parents. It will help everyone to plan ahead. You can find a link to this resource on my Senior Health Resources Page
Source:http://www.rwjf.org/newsroom/newsreleasesdetail.jsp?id=10506&c=EMC -CA141 (Thanks to Barbara Dingfelder).
So, it was really interesting (and has been for the some 8 million views noted) to watch an amateur cinematographer capture the most exciting 8:23 minutes of what will most likely call for a rewriting of books on animal behavior. He was a lucky observer, at the right place at the right time, and was astute enough to capture something quite out of the ordinary - that prey do not sacrifice their young, that they do come back and can fight back, and that crocodiles do let go of their prey.
However, what's really important to remember was it took only one cape buffalo to break away from centuries of conditioning to do something animal prey as a herd does not usually do, and that's to fight back. A baby buffalo is saved from the jaws of a pride of lions and two crocodiles to live another day. The lions will live to hunt again because hunger will demand them to do so. But I am sure that the cape buffalo that stood against the lions knows it never need to fear again because it can fight back.
"The children are not eligible for state or federally supported vaccination programs because they are in health plans, even though those plans don't cover vaccinations...
In contrast, children who are covered by Medicaid or are uninsured are eligible for full coverage through the federal Vaccines for Children program.
We estimate that 2.3 million children are unable to receive state-purchased meningococcal conjugate vaccine in the private sector, and 1.2 million children are unable to receive this vaccine even if they are referred to the public sector.
The problem is caused by both holes in the public health safety net from inadequate government support, and from a fragmented and disjointed health-care system..."
(Source: Underinsured Children Shut Out from Recommended Vaccines,
http://www.medpagetoday.com/Pediatrics/Vaccines/tb2/6359).
Since when did immunization become no longer a necessity? There is something fundamentally wrong when children cannot get the health care they need to live a healthy life. They must be healthy to thrive and learn so they can meet the demands of tomorrow. Any health care system must be able to provide the preventive health services necessary to live in a healthy way. This is so basic that it really bothers me that those who can do something about this have not. What are they waiting for - a pandemic to get moving?
"The Research Guide provides a comprehensive, long-range vision of national and global public health needs that CDC and its partners can address through research. The Research Guide helps identify critical knowledge needed to achieve CDC's new Health Protection Goals which are designed to maximize the health impact of programs, services, and emergency responses." (CDC Announcement)
I view it as a companion document to Healthy People 2010, in which problems are fleshed out as research priorities. Actually, what would be great is to actually integrate these two documents into one. By doing so, it would be possible for agencies and organizations to streamline their program planning to meet the goals and objectives of Healthy People 2010.
Because Public Health is so broad, it's really important to have one Vision for which everyone working in Public Health can strive towards. It would certainly make research more useful in the practice-oriented atmosphere of Public Health. After all, we know that much of the research conducted is not practice-friendly so that application of research findings is hard to come by. Many times, it is only after meta-analyses do the pearls emerge.
The Research Guide actually makes for interesting reading by laying out a comprehensive background of what has already been accomplished, what needs to be addressed for the problems identified, and suggested research priorities for several broad areas. The backgrounders are really what's happening in Public Health today, accompanied by a wishlist from those who visualize solutions that can be made possible through research. Public health research should be an integral part of Public Health Practice, and it can be when it's conceptualized as Healthy People 2010 strategies. You can find a link to this guide on my Healthy People 2010 page and my Public Health Practice page .
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Looking at those 55 to 59 who are working, 88% "really enjoy going to work", and the percentages are higher with those older. Maybe employers who have low job satisfaction scores should consider hiring older people who want to work and enjoy it. These and other interesting findings can be found in the new National Institute on Aging's report, "The Health and Retirement Study." You can find a link to this report on my Senior Health Resources on the Net Page.
The constant audio assault is nothing new, especially for those who live in urban settings. So it was very public health for New York City to revamp its 1972 Noise Code in July to address this environmental problem. Many people address this by turning up their iPods to drown out the noise. This is not necessarily the best solution to the problem, and there are recommendations about this: Use sound-isolating or noise-canceling headphones (Wired.com). You can find more information about Hearing Loss , a new section on my Public Health H - L Sites page.
The problem with looking for information on the Net is that there is just so much that is out there that it becomes almost impossible to digest everything without becoming confused. For example, if you wanted to find information about a particular disease with a search engine, the plethora of sites that turn up on the search results can be overwhelming.
There are, of course, the personal Web sites of those who suffer from the disease and want to share their experiences with diagnosis, treatment, etc. These can offer some support to those with the disease, or those caring for those with the disease. But, the health information may not be as comprehensive or as current as what's really available. Then, there are the chat rooms, blogs, forums that include just about everything you can think of. These I found are the most confusing and unreliable for health information. The next worse are the sites that sell you products that supposedly will cure you of whatever ails you. Totally promotional, they will have a page or two devoted to the "facts." You should just skip these entirely, if you are looking for good health information.
The most reliable sources for health information are government sites (xxx.gov), education sites (xxx.edu), and nonprofit and research sites (xxx.org) devoted to addressing the disease because of the internal information quality oversight in place. Most of the information released have been extensively peer reviewed, so you will most likely not find too much discrepancy among these sites, if you really compare the information.
Health news related sites, such as Medscape and Medpage Today are good, but because they are partially sponsored by pharmaceutical companies, you just have to be aware of some bias when it comes to reporting on diseases that you can take medications for. In those instances, you really should check who is sponsoring the study. For example, can you ever see a tobacco company sponsoring research studies that show that tobacco is bad for you??? For more information about information quality, check out my Information Quality , Health Care Resources on the Net, Health Care Quality Standards , and Healthcare Quality Issues Pages.
The 2005 revision reflects the reality of today's world as it combats new infectious diseases:
For more detailed information about the International Health Regulations, check Public Health Sites under "International Health". The International Health Regulations presentation is a very easy-to-understand summary of IHR.
And though we have always thought that fat just sits around taking up space (inert), making us look awful in barely-there swimsuits, new research is showing that adipose tissue is living tissue that is now considered an endocrine organ, secreting hormones and other substances that are not necessarily good for our health, from causing endothelial dysfunction to increasing cardiovascular risk. A connection has been made to increased insulin resistance, and for some, type 2 diabetes.
So, how does one get rid of visceral fat? There's only one way - exercise. A brisk 30-minute walk a day, six times a week will prevent the buildup, and more than that will help get rid of it (17 miles a week of jogging (or any exercise equivalent to that) does the trick [Science Daily http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/09/050914090337.htm]).
Sometimes people lose motivation when they are not dropping the pounds, so they just stop. Don't stop, because if you do, all you do is re-building the visceral fat storage (that's 4 pounds a year). The body responds to exercise by getting rid of the visceral fat. So, go out there and pound some pavement so you can pound out that visceral fat! And, eat healthy, too. For more information about visceral fat and exercise, check out the Consumer Health Page , under the new section, Visceral Fat.
For example, pick a state, then all the hospitals you want to compare. Then pick a condition (e.g., Heart Attack, Heart Failure, Pneumonia, or Surgical Care Improvement/Surgical Infection Prevention), and then a process of care measure (e.g., for Heart Attack, Percent of Heart Attack Patients Given ACE Inhibitor or ARB for Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction (LVSD)). You will then get a bar chart comparing all the hospitals against the other hospitals you have chosen, against the average for the nation and for all hospitals within the chosen state for the particular process measures you have chosen.
The site does provide an explanation of how to interpret the bar charts, but it may not have the data you are looking for for some measures because there are not enough data to report for a particular time period. Perhaps, with ongoing reporting, data will be available for comparison. Nevertheless, this is a great way to choose a hospital based on how well it performs against a criteria. You can find a link to "Hospital Compare" on my Health Care Resources on the Net under "Health Services Information.
More good news is that improvements in known risk behaviors (lowering total cholesterol, lowering systolic blood pressure, quitting smoking, more physical activity) do make a difference when it comes to whether or not a person will die from heart disease. This supports my original contention that a multi-prong approach is a necessary strategy for such chronic diseases as heart disease (See May 4th entry).
The bad news is that all this progress may eventually be overturned by the increase in obesity and diabetes. Though this sounds like two problems, it's really one, if we can reduce obesity, then diabetes won't be the problem it can be if the population continues to expand its waistline. Though we now know that Type 2 diabetes has a genetic component to it, it is preventable, and a realistic strategy would be to delay the onset of the disease. Good eating habits are important, but exercise may prove, in the long run, to be a very necessary component to mobilizing all those fatty acids out of the adipose tissue that is settling around the waistline. Half an hour a day for physical activity is good and an hour a day is even better. A nice brisk walk is so much better for your mind AND body than 30 to 60 minutes a day sitting in front of the TV....
(Source: Cardiac Mortality Drop Attributed to Therapies and Risk Factor Reductions; http://www.medpagetoday.com/Cardiology/CoronaryArteryDisease/tb/5880)
More recently, the Women's Health Initiative Study was stopped early because hormone replacement therapy did not help women to stay heart-healthy longer (http://www.ohsuwomenshealth.com/news/whi.html). The underlying message is to not mess with the hormonal cycles of the human body. These cycles were meant to naturally fluctuate and change over time, and most of the hormonal therapies have muted these fluctuations, which then eventually go on to affect other bodily functions. The new no period pill is disturbing not just because it continues this trend of artificially manipulating normal body functions, but view a natural body function as an inconvenience. Perhaps, we really need to rethink our lifestyles and philosophy of Life when what's natural is considered an inconvenience.
One should probably ask, what is driving the health care system? Is it the patient in need of healthcare services, or health insurance companies that benefit from not paying out for these services? Is quality of care ensured with access to multiple providers who do not communicate with each other on a particular patient they all care for, and is it compromised by forcing physicians to spend the bulk of their time trying to get their treatment strategies pre-approved by various health insurance companies that have different protocols? And, with all the money that is supposedly saved from using generic instead of brand drugs (and I'm not condoning the pharmaceutical industry's insidious tactics either), to being allowed to use alternative therapies for chronic conditions, has health outcomes really been improved? And, where is all that money saved, and who is being held accountable for the ethical management of this surplus money supply that has been salvaged from being wasted on ineffective treatment strategies?
Associated with quality of care is the whole issue of expectations. What exactly do we expect the health care system to do for us? It most likely cannot save us from ourselves, despite the technological advances in diagnostics and treatment. However, I don't think it's too much to ask that we should be able to access the care we need, and to do so in a timely fashion. I don't mind taking a less expensive pill or undergoing a less expensive procedure, if I knew that in doing so my health is not being compromised and the savings from my actions would help others to get the care they need.
I don't mind paying the high cost of health insurance as long as health insurance companies have our best interests at heart (rather than their bottom line), and that whatever money they save from their strategies to limit the choices of providers and patients are put back into the health care system to reduce the burden of disease for those who cannot afford health coverage.
Similarly, I understand that it cost money to run a hospital, but I don't think it's too much to ask that when I am hospitalized that I will be getting decent care from the best professionals trained to make good decisions in the interest of helping me to get well. And, I don't think it's too much to ask that there is a Registered Nurse to coordinate my inpatient care, to ensure that the services I am receiving are integrated, because everyone knows a nurse will get it done.
And, I don't think it's too much to ask that the infrastructure for all services needed by the average citizen (medical and otherwise) be one that enhances our ability to get the services we need, regardless of where we live. I think this is all possible when service systems are patient- or need-driven, rather than customer-driven, which implies the customer with the most money gets the best service. The health care system is a mess because its heart is in the wrong place and it is in danger of losing its soul.
10. Love their mother
Hug Mom. Often. In front of the kids. Sure, sometimes marriages end, but the obligation to a woman doesn't. Be grateful to her. Speak to her with respect. Try to make her laugh. Listen. Even if you're not married to her, figure out how to love her.
You can find a link to these pearls at Men's Health .
Here is their conclusion: The financial difficulties facing Social Security and Medicare pose enormous, but not insurmountable, challenges. The sooner these challenges are addressed, the more varied and less disruptive their solutions can be. We urge the public to engage in informed discussion and policymakers to think creatively about the changing needs and preferences of working and retired Americans. Such a national conversation and timely political action are essential to ensure that Social Security and Medicare continue to play a critical role in the lives of all Americans.
I was so concerned about the Social Security System's sustainability that I had a letter published about this in 1994, or 13 years ago (Baby Boomers' Impact on Future Social Services. [Letter]. Chance. 7(3):3). It's not like we have not been warned. Don't you think it is time for Congress to act???? You can find a link to this report on my Health Care Information on the Internet Page under "Medicare".
"Teamwork Within Units—the extent to which staff support one another, treat each other with respect, and work together as a team—was the patient safety culture composite with the highest average percent positive response (78 percent), indicating this is an area of strength for most hospitals. The survey item with the highest average percent positive response (85 percent) was: "When a lot of work needs to be done quickly, we work together as a team to get the work done."
Another important ingredient to patient safety is:
"Nonpunitive Response to Error—the extent to which staff feel that their mistakes and event reports are not held against them, and that mistakes are not kept in their personnel file—was the patient safety culture composite with the lowest average percent positive response (43 percent), indicating this is an area with potential for improvement for most hospitals."
You can find a link to this report on my Healthcare Quality Issues Page, under "Medical Safety"
For example, addressing heart disease is not just treating those who have the disease and getting people to change their health behaviors (e.g., stop smoking AND reduce cholesterol intake AND monitor blood pressure, etc.). These activities need to be reinforced with policy and environmental changes, such as limiting the public's exposure to second-hand smoke through smoking bans; working with school systems to offer healthy alternatives to what is being sold in vending machines; developing wellness programs in the workplace to keep employees healthy; getting food manufacturers and restaurants to eliminate trans fatty acids from their products, etc. Multi-prong approaches are necessary to address multi-factorial diseases.
Many of these broader changes can be enhanced through passing legislation that mandates changes that impact the population. Many times, it is difficult to track what's going on with legislation because it takes forever to get an idea into something concrete that all parties can agree on, and then put it into a legally binding package that then needs to go through numerous levels of approval. Of course, once something does get approved, there is then the hope that funding will be available to implement the policy.
The Council of State Governments and Thomson West have released a useful document (467 pages) that seeks to summarize what is going on throughout the U.S., in a state-by-state look at the status of bills in progress that were meant to address public health issues. Find out how your state is doing. You can find a link to this document on my Evaluation Resources on the Net Page , under "State Report Cards [Health] (Non-government)"
*** Canadian Emergency Preparedness Week (5/6-5/12). Emergency Preparedness (EP) Week is an annual Canadian event that takes place during the first full week of May. The main objective is to increase awareness about individual preparedness. All EP Week activities reinforce the idea that risks can be reduced and the consequences of a disaster can be lessened by being better prepared. To learn more, visit http://www.epweek.ca/index_e.asp"
I love this idea! Maybe we can learn something important from our neighbors from the North, and don't forget, they never had to deal with a "9/11" to see the benefits of emergency preparedness.
In recent years, a number of professional organizations have tried to define the competencies of those who work in public health, such as in a particular area of expertise. Others have defined core competencies that public health professionals should have regardless of what setting they may work in, or area of expertise. Understanding these standards will help you develop an appreciation of what public health practitioners really do, and the expectations they must meet to consider themselves proficient. You can find a total of 37 links (19 new) to these practice standards on my Public Health Practice Page, that I have revamped by creating a new section called, "Public Health Practice Competencies."
I was truly disgusted when I read:
Speculators have registered Web domains related to the Virginia Tech killings, including URLs such as vatechshooting.com and vtmurders.com. Some are for sale for as much as $1 million.
The domains were registered Monday, the day of the shootings; several were registered via an anonymous registrant service that masks the name, phone number and mailing address of the person who purchased the URL.
Domain registration spikes are not unusual in the aftermath of major news events, with those registering either expecting a windfall on the sale of notable URLs or, in some cases, using them as lures for spam or phishing attacks.... "It is extremely disturbing that criminals have so quickly jumped to exploiting this horrible tragedy," said Ron O'Brien, a Sophos senior security analyst. (Source: http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&articleId=9017118 - Speculators snap up Virginia Tech-related domains, Spammers and malware purveyors feed on tragedy)
More than at any time, compassion is what's needed and not the venal and avaricious side of slimy predators preying on the curiosity of those who have lost the ability to understand and feel during times of random senselessness.
Here are the definitions of terms you should know, and which I, unfortunately, have to deal with:
URL hijacking
Also called "typosquatting," it refers to taking advantage of common typos users make when entering a Web address into their browser. A domain name with a misspelled version of a popular URL is legally registered and used as a legitimate site. For example, www.micrsoft.com may be a domain name for a Web site offering software. See cybersquatting and page hijacking.
Source: http://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia_term/0,2542,t=URL+hijacking&i=53517,00.asp
typosquatting
(ti´po-skwot´´ting) slang. Purchasing a domain name that is a variation on a popular domain name with the expectation that the site will get traffic off of the original sight because of a user's misspelling of the name. For example, registering the domain names webapedia.com or yahooo.com in the hopes that someone making a typo will get to that site unexpectedly.
Source: http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/T/typosquatting.html
The following two Web addresses are bogus sites and have nothing to do with my Web site. I have spent many years developing this Web site to provide good content on the Net, only to have to spend time fending off the vultures in cyberspace. Basically, it's what I would call "virtual identity theft." (I think this deserves to be in a glossary of Internet terms, which I just coined, and no, no one else has used this term, I just did a search....)
These sites were put up so they can make money off the unfortunate visitors who happen to stumble onto those sites (and a number of my visitors have told me that is how they found my site!!!) thinking they were coming to this site. My Web site address is http://www.bettycjung.net . Bookmark it so you can return to this site and not to these bogus sites, which have NOTHING to do with this Web site. Here are the domain information for these bogus sites. Unfortunately, I cannot do anything about their existence, but you can, by making sure you do not go to these sites by accident, or clicking on any links on those sites, which generates money for these miscreants. Put them out of business by not supporting their parasitic existence on the Net. Thank you.
WHOIS information for: bettycjung.com: [whois.crsnic.net] Whois Server Version 2.0 Domain names in the .com and .net domains can now be registered with many different competing registrars. Go to http://www.internic.net for detailed information. Domain Name: BETTYCJUNG.COM Registrar: DOMAINDOORMAN, LLC Whois Server: whois.domaindoorman.com Referral URL: http://www.domaindoorman.com Name Server: DNS1.AKNAMES.COM Name Server: DNS2.AKNAMES.COM Name Server: DNS3.AKNAMES.COM Status: clientTransferProhibited Updated Date: 09-oct-2006 Creation Date: 28-may-2006 Expiration Date: 28-may-2007 WHOIS information for: bettyjung.net: [whois.crsnic.net] Whois Server Version 2.0 Domain names in the .com and .net domains can now be registered with many different competing registrars. Go to http://www.internic.net for detailed information. Domain Name: BETTYJUNG.NET Registrar: COMPANA, LLC Whois Server: whois.budgetnames.com Referral URL: http://www.budgetnames.com Name Server: NS1.COOLLINK1.COM Name Server: NS2.COOLLINK1.COM Status: clientTransferProhibited Updated Date: 01-feb-2007 Creation Date: 31-jan-2006 Expiration Date: 31-jan-2008
This is not unlike the many evaluation models currently out there, offering guidance for evaluating public health programs. Evaluation is important because we do not have limitless resources, so we must work efficiently with what there is, and to remember there is no room for ineffective programs. This is why it is so important to document what we are doing throughout the life of a program. If the program doesn't work, we need to move on to strategies that do, and if it does, we will have the proof we need to continue and build on the program's success. And, the best way to hold a program accountable is through evaluation. Check out this resource, along with other tools on my Evaluation Resources on the Net .
I have always found Wikipedia an interesting phenomenon, believing that a democratic approach to knowledge sharing is possible. We all know that a hobbyist is really an unacknowledged expert in the field of his hobby because a hobbyist will go through extraordinary effort and means to understand the inspiration of his passion. In a way, when we learn, we should really adopt the attitude of a hobbyist to truly get the most out of the learning experience.
I have found Wikipedia to be great for looking up a quick biosketch of someone in the news, or, a quick overview of some everyday topic, but I would not rely on it for serious research work. I do not allow my students to use it simply because there is no way to hold anyone accountable for the material written up in Wikipedia. For example, who would you ask to verify a statement made, or to clarify a concept presented? Anonymity may help with honesty in offering opinions, but does not necessarily guarantee the accuracy of the entries.
Of course, just like the easy out for many of my classmates in elementary school, getting everything from an encyclopedia, Wikipedia plays into a modern-day easy out of not having to do the necessary research to truly understand the subject. I expect my students to at least research a minimum of 3 different sources because any differences in perspective will show up. And, if there are differences, then it's only right to continue to look at more sources to determine where the truth really lies (oh, this sounds strange, but true).
It is unfortunate that students today think that being critical is critical thinking, and being exposed to different points of view is seen as confusing rather than a challenge to think through a subject, to then develop a comprehensive understanding of the subject being researched. Certainly, Education remains an important aspect to becoming all that we can be because it is meant to help us develop the discipline necessary to focus on what is really important, and that's getting the facts and ideas right, and then applying them to our lives.
Type 2 diabetes, a multifactorial chronic disease, when not managed properly results in poor health outcomes. The country of Finland has developed a wonderful comprehensive document outlining its program for preventing Type 2 diabetes in its country. "Programme for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes in Finland 2003-2010" will be useful for anyone working on the problem of diabetes. You can find a link to this on my Diabetes Resources on the Net Page , under Public Health Information.
This new analysis provides some initial data raising the question of
whether today's pre-retirees could reach retirement age in worse shape
than their predecessors, with individuals potentially in poorer health
than current retirees and possibly increasing health care costs for
society.
Researchers and policymakers are vitally interested in whether this
trend will continue, accelerate or decelerate with the retirement of the
baby boom, a critically important question in planning for health,
housing and other needs of this wave of retirees, who begin to turn 65 in
2011." (Source: http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/mar2007/nia-05.htm)
Well, given that the current younger generation is no better off than those in their 50s, I can see that this unfortunate trend, or downward spiral will continue if Americans don't stop what they're doing and start concentrating on their health. As it is, the health care system cannot handle the current load of ill health, and it will only get worse, but much more rapidly than most people anticipated. Stop smoking, eat better, get some serious exercise, and on a more broader level, it's time to fix the health care system.
Yes, Jack Nicholson has gotten nominated plenty, but it would have been nice to recognize his fine work in "The Departed," it's been awhile since Jack has done this much acting since he can always get by just being Jack. Despite Mel Gibson's troubles off-screen, Apocalypto was a great film that got overlooked, as did Clint Eastwood's "Letters from Iwo Jima," which I thought was more a "Best Picture" film than "The Departed" (although I really disliked "Flags of Our Fathers", and I don't want to count the ways).
Maybe the Academy was trying to make up for all the years they passed over Scorsese, so they gave him both picture and director honors (which the Academy hasn't done in years). Finally, a brief plug for a couple a cool films, "Flyboys", a film I found educational and entertaining, that did poorly in the theaters, but worth seeing, and "The Curse of the Golden Flower," which somehow got lost in the last-minute year-end releases. Talk about a Chinese "Greek Tragedy"! By the way, Ellen DeGeneres did a great job. They should bring her back.
I think Martin Scorcese will finally get the golden guy this year for "The Departed" - it's time. Best Picture is a little unpredictable for me. In recent years, the Academy seems to like spreading out the awards. Babel seemed a favorite early on (winning the Golden Globe), but then Little Miss Sunshine has gotten a few awards from the critics. If last year was any indication, Golden Globe did not predict the Academy's big picture for Crash (Golden Globe gave it to Brokeback Mountain). I actually liked The Queen, and that's worth seeing for Helen Mirren, who should get Best Actress. The Departed is good, but not sure if gangster movies appeal to the Academy's esthetics. I would not be surprised if Letters from Iwo Jima gets best picture (even though it's really a foreign film [and did win the Golden Globe in that category]. The fact that it got nominated on such short notice and late release makes me think it could be an upset, and simply because Clint Eastwood has done this twice already in recent years...). Babel just seemed too much like Crash, and I don't think the Academy picks the same types of pictures in a row. Of course, the movies I enjoyed the most never make it to the Oscars, but that's okay, it's all entertainment. Check out my Oscars Page .
The latest strategy to gain momentum is "Pay for Performance" or, now conveniently referred to as P4P. If you are confused by the growing glossary of the terminology being used, you are not alone. I recently came across North American Spine Society's "The Quick and Dirty Guide to Performance Measurement and Pay for Performance (P4P)", which provides an outline summary of all the key concepts and terms you will ever need to know (at least for now) about health care quality improvement in 3 pages. You can find a link to this primer on my Health Care Quality Issues, under "Pay for Performance."
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Don't forget, there was a time "2001" seemed futuristic....
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